Thinking Skills

All cats climb trees, and Mittens is a cat, so Mittens can climb trees. A says more than we are told (we don’t know how often). B and D add ideas the statements never mention.

Carla is in front of Ali, and Ali is in front of Ben, so the order from front to back is Carla, Ali, Ben. Carla is first.

Each number goes up by 5. After 23 comes 23 + 5 = 28.

Counting the letters: D = 4, O = 15, G = 7. So DOG is 4-15-7.

The conclusion is the point the argument wants you to accept, here signalled by “Therefore”. A and B are reasons that support it. D is not stated.

She wants to arrive 10 minutes before 8:30, so by 8:20. The walk takes 15 minutes, so she leaves at 8:20 minus 15 minutes = 8:05 am.

Mia is seat 1. Tom is not next to Mia, so Tom is not seat 2. Lily is right of Tom, so Tom is seat 3 and Lily seat 4. Ben takes seat 2. Order: Mia, Ben, Tom, Lily.

Lila only checked her own class, then jumped to the whole world. You can’t be sure about everyone from one small group. The other options don’t describe her mistake.

All eagles are birds, and all birds have feathers, so all eagles have feathers. The other options say things the statements don’t support.

Travel time = 240 ÷ 80 = 3 hours. Add the 20-minute break = 3 hours 20 minutes. 8:15 am + 3 h 20 min = 11:35 am.

The argument jumps from “novels improve vocabulary” to “students should read novels”. That only works if improving vocabulary is worth doing, which is what C says. The others aren’t needed.

Carl is last. Dan is right behind Anna, Eve is right behind Ben, and Anna is in front of Ben. The only order that fits is Anna, Dan, Ben, Eve, Carl. Anna is at the front.

Two separate rules. The arrow turns 90° clockwise each frame: up, right, down, left, then back to up for Frame 5. The dot switches each frame: filled, empty, filled, empty, filled for Frame 5. So Frame 5 is an arrow pointing up with a filled dot, which is Option A.

The numbers are 2×2, 3×3, 4×4, … (square numbers starting at 2×2). The 6th term is 7×7 = 49.

30 days is 4 whole weeks (28 days) plus 2 days. 4 weeks lands on Wednesday again, then 2 more days is Friday.

The argument says owning a dog makes you live longer. C suggests it’s the other way around: healthier people are the ones who choose to get dogs. That undermines the claim. A and D would support it; B is unrelated.

The principal says the longer classes caused the better results. For that to be true, nothing else can explain the improvement, which is what B says. The others aren’t required.

Lily is 1 part and Sara is 3 parts, so 4 parts = 48 and 1 part = 12. Lily has 12, Sara has 36. After Sara gives 6 away, Lily has 12 + 6 = 18.

Cam isn’t soccer or tennis, so Cam swims. Bea isn’t swimming, so Bea is tennis or soccer. Ali isn’t tennis, and swimming is taken, so Ali plays soccer (and Bea plays tennis).

Marco treats “I haven’t seen one” as proof that none exist. Not seeing something yourself doesn’t prove it isn’t real. The other options are side points, not his mistake.

The cubes with exactly 2 painted faces sit on the edges, but not the corners. A cube has 12 edges, and in a 3 × 3 × 3 cube each edge gives 1 such small cube. So there are 12.

The rule is to help the majority even if a few are inconvenienced. B fits: thousands are helped while a small group is mildly put out. A and C let a few override the many; D isn’t about a majority benefit.

Move each letter forward 3 places: C → F, A → D, T → W. So CAT becomes FDW.

The passage builds up to its last sentence: some television can be good for children. A is the view being argued against; B and C are supporting reasons.

P and Q sit opposite each other, taking one pair of opposite sides. That leaves R and S on the other pair, so R sits opposite S. The person opposite R is S.

The argument applies what happened in the square to the park. Showing that similar parks elsewhere also saw crime drop after streetlights backs it up the most. A and B make the comparison weaker; D doesn’t affect whether crime would fall.

Each fold doubles the layers: 1 fold = 2, 2 folds = 4, 3 folds = 8 layers. One hole through 8 layers makes 8 holes when unfolded.

The argument says tablets caused the higher scores. For that to be fair, everything else about the two countries’ schools must be about the same, or something else could be the real cause. The others aren’t assumptions the argument needs.

Each shape has one more side than the one before, both across and down: 3, 4, 5 / 4, 5, 6 / 5, 6, ?. The missing shape has 7 sides (a heptagon), which is Option B.

Two things happening together doesn’t mean one causes the other. Towns with more bookshops might simply have more readers already. The argument assumes a cause without proof.

Try the sister being 5 now, so Ben is 10. In 5 years she is 10 and Ben is 15, and 15 is 1.5 times 10. It works, so Ben is 10 now.

Keep adding the last two: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55. The 10th number is 55.

X is ahead of V, and Z is right after V, giving X, then V, then Z. W is ahead of X and Y, so W must be in front of that whole group. So W finished first.

The study shows breakfast eaters score higher, but that doesn’t prove breakfast is the cause. A gives another reason: those students come from more organised homes with healthier habits, which could be the real cause. The others are weaker points.

Going from half full to $\tfrac{7}{8}$ full added $\tfrac{7}{8}-\tfrac{1}{2}=\tfrac{3}{8}$ of the tank, and that equals 30 litres. So $\tfrac{1}{8}$ is 10 litres, and the whole tank is 80 L.

The argument assumes the tax break will actually make people switch to hybrids who wouldn’t have otherwise. If it only rewards people who would buy a hybrid anyway, pollution won’t fall. The others aren’t needed.

The cubes with exactly 1 painted face are in the middle of each face, not on an edge or corner. On a 5 × 5 × 5 cube, each face has a 3 × 3 = 9 of them, and there are 6 faces, so 6 × 9 = 54.

All balls go into Box 3. Red = 3 + 6 = 9. Total = 8 + 8 = 16. So the chance of red is $\tfrac{9}{16}$.

Wanting to spend less time on something is not the same as wanting it banned. The headline swapped one for the other. The other options are minor points.

The pattern is: all P do Q; X does not do Q; so X is not P. B matches exactly (all cars need fuel; a bicycle doesn’t; so it is not a car). A, C and D use different patterns.